Contemporary concepts of condensed matter science 5. The experimental realization of boseeinstein condensates and degenerate fermi gases has paved the way to study models and theories for quantum phenomena. Reimann,3 and paola gorigiorgi1 1department of theoretical chemistry and amsterdam center for multiscale modeling, few, vrije universiteit amsterdam, amsterdam 1081 hv, netherlands. Ultracold degenerate selim jochim maxplanckinstitute for nuclear physics and university of heidelberg fermi gases. Pitaevskii dipartimento di fisica, universita di trento and cnrinfm bec center, i38050 povo, trento, italy and kapitza institute for physical problems, ul. Production efficiency of ultracold feshbach molecules in. In these dilute systems interactions are characterized by a single parameter, the swave scattering length. Purchase ultracold bosonic and fermionic gases, volume 5 1st edition. Quantum state manipulation of ultracold fermionic and bosonic atoms. The observation of nonmonotonic behavior of lifetime, kinetic energy, and size for increasing repulsive interactions provides strong evidence for a. Presently, we are focusing on ultracold bosons with tunable interactions loaded into twodimensional lieb lattices. Ultracold fermi gases our group explores the physics of fermi gases at ultracold temperatures and investigates the link between superconductivity and boseeinstein condensation bec.
Engineering pwave interactions in ultracold atoms using. May 17, 2006 we propose a setup with ultracold atomic gases that can be used to make a nonrelativistic super. The fact that the balancedsystem with an equal num. Controlled fewbody interactions in ultracold bosonic mixtures. Ultracold atoms are atoms that are maintained at temperatures close to 0 kelvin absolute zero, typically below several tens of microkelvin k. Ultracold gases department of physics georgetown university. Here we report on the observation of such a mixture with dilute gases of two lithium isotopes, lithium6 and lithium7. It was only last year that researchers managed to create and image an ultracold fermionic gas in an optical lattice, where single fermions were clearly resolved and certain interactions directly detected see fermionic microscope sees first light. Probing and manipulating fermionic and bosonic quantum gases. Competition between weak quantum measurement and manybody. Zwierlein mitharvard center for ultracold atoms, research laboratory of electronics, and department of physics. Quantum gases collections of atoms cooled to the lowest known temperatures in the universe, have sparked a revolution in atomic physics. Production efficiency of ultracold feshbach molecules in bosonic and fermionic systems e. Ultracold bosonic and fermionic gases by kathy levin.
In the first part of the thesis, itinerant ferromagnetism was studied in a strongly interacting fermi gas of ultracold atoms. In this thesis, we consider light scattering in free space from a bosonic ultracold gas and show that there are many prominent features that go beyond classical optics. Ultracold atomic systems in optical lattices form a powerful tool for. A promising approach is to create the molecular gas directly from an ultracold atomic gas. In the main part of my thesis, we study groundstate properties of ultracold quantum fermi gases with spinorbit coupling. Theory of ultracold atomic fermi gases stefano giorgini dipartimento di fisica, universita di trento and cnrinfm bec center, i38050 povo, trento, italy lev p. Ultracold bosonic and fermionic quantum gases in optical. Ultracold quantum fields provides a selfcontained introduction to quantum field theory for manyparticle systems, using functional methods throughout. Topological order in quantumdegenerate fermi gases. Creating, moving and merging dirac points with a fermi gas in. Use features like bookmarks, note taking and highlighting while reading ultracold bosonic and fermionic gases issn book 5. Ultracold dipolar gas of fermionic 23na40k molecules in their absolute ground state jee woo park, sebastian a. Densityfunctional theory for strongly correlated bosonic. Quantum coherence and magnetism in bosonic and fermionic.
Ultracold gases and functional renormalization ii michael scherer jena work in collaboration with s. Typically, ultracold neutral atoms are stored in magnetic traps, in which only a small subset of the. We apply techniques of laser cooling and trapping of ultracold neutral atoms to create ultracold mixtures at sub microkelvin temperatures. Hamiltonian which universally describes the physics of bosonic and fermionic alkali gases at low energies. Applying bcsbec crossover theory to hightemperature. Here, degenerate bosonic and fermionic quantum gases trapped in magnetic or optical traps are generated at temperatures in the nanokelvin regime. Pdf probing and manipulating fermionic and bosonic. Quantum state manipulation of ultracold fermionic and. In more recent years, these systems have attracted a great deal of attention in other areas in physics, such as condensed matter physics, nuclear physics, and.
We addressed this question, for which there is not yet a definitive theoretical answer, in an experiment with an ultracold twocomponent fermi gas. Note, however, that the quadratic dispersion is shifted to negative frequencies. Quantum state manipulation of fewbody systems in optical lattices. Firstly, we show that a novel superconducting pairing occurs for spinimbalanced fermi gases with the spin up and down fermi levels lying within the px and s orbital bands of a quasionedimensional optical. Spectral functions and rf response of ultracold fermionic atoms. Nevertheless, the experimental community has devised ways of doing these analogcondensed matter experiments, as well as the. Densityfunctional theory for strongly correlated bosonic and. Production efficiency of ultracold feshbach molecules in bosonic and fermionic systems 2005.
Potassium lab manybody physics in quantum mixtures with tunable interactions. We currently have two experiments in the group, the potassium and strontium labs. Ultracold superstrings in atomic boson fermion mixtures michiel snoek, masudul haque, s. Stoof institute for theoretical physics, utrecht university, leuvenlaan 4, 3584 ce utrecht, the netherlands dated.
Competition between weak quantum measurement and manybody dynamics in ultracold bosonic gases. We have created a triply quantum degenerate mixture of bosonic 41k and two fermionic species, 40k and 6li. These topics are vortices 15, boson fermion mixtures 610, and optical lattices 11,12. Fermions with a tunable attractive interaction and the associated bcsbec crossover have been studied experimentally using ultracold fermi gases near a feshbach resonance 3,4 5. In this article we propose to use the full counting statistics of density.
Creation of ultracold molecules from a fermi gas of atoms. Ultracold bosonic and fermionic gases issn book 5 1, levin. They became world wide known after the achievement of boseeinstein condensation in 1995 see nobel prize in physics in 2001. Density and stability in ultracold dilute boson fermion mixtures s. In late 2003, we made the first direct observation of molecular bec. Ultracold bosonic and fermionic gases atomcool rice university. At these temperatures the atoms quantummechanical properties become important to reach such low temperatures, a combination of several techniques typically has to be used.
Levin1 1james franck institute and department of physics, university of chicago chicago, illinois, 60637 usa email. Localization of bosonic atoms by fermionic impurities in a. Starting from the basics such as atomic structure, atomlight interaction, laser cooling and trapping, the book then moves on to focus on the treatment of ultracold fermi gases, before turning to topics in quantum simulation using cold atoms in optical lattices. What can ultracold fermi gases teach us about high t c superconductors and vice versa. Emphasis is given to the effect of interactions which play a crucial role, bringing the gas into a superfluid phase at low temperature. Download it once and read it on your kindle device, pc, phones or tablets. Levin, qijin chen james franck institute and department of physics, university of chicago, 5640 south ellis ave, chicago, il 60637, united states. For example, the control of interactions has led to the. Color online aspect ratio as a function of time during the expansion of an ultracold fermi gas at unitarity. Ultracold bosonic and fermionic quantum gases in optical lattices. In the context of ultracold bose fermi gases, we have analysed theoreticallythe effect ofdegeneratefermions on the selftrapping behavior of ultracold bosons in a quasione dimensional symmetric doublewell potential 4. Feshbach resonances in ultracold mixtures of fermionic quantum gases tobias tiecke 2009 feshbach resonances in ultracold mixtures of the fermionic quantum gases 6 li and k40 tobias tiecke dinsdag 15 december om 16. Ultracold superstrings in atomic bosonfermion mixtures. Dynamic structure factor of ultracold bose and fermi gases 4 2.
Read ultracold bosonic and fermionic gases by available from rakuten kobo. The rapidly developing topic of ultracold atoms has many actual and potential applications for condensedmatter science. Physics on ultracold quantum gases peking university. In liquid helium and dilute gases, bose and fermi superfluidity has been observed separately, but producing a mixture in which both the fermionic and the bosonic components are superfluid is challenging. Ultracold bosonic and fermionic quantum gases are versatile and robust systems for probing fundamental condensedmatter physics problems 112, as well as. In this letter we propose to combine these three topics to engineer a superstring in the laboratory, i. Viscosity and contact correlations in ultracold fermi gases. At these temperatures the atoms quantummechanical properties become important. For the ultracold fermionic atoms in optical lattices, we propose two novel quantum phases. Ultracold mixture experiments hold the promise of providing new insights into manybody quantum systems as well as ultracold chemistry and fewbody phenomena. Quantum measurementinduced dynamics of manybody ultracold bosonic and fermionic systems in. Dynamic structure factor of ultracold bose and fermi gases. But what happens when the system is constituted of fermions with different masses. These bosons and fermions are not separate fluids, but rather they are strongly.
Can a gas of spinup and spindown fermions become ferromagnetic because of repulsive interactions. What can ultracold fermi gases teach us about high c. In particular, we study the dependence of this transition on the fermionic 40k impurity. A single apparatus for the production of ultracold. Decay of an ultracold fermionic lithium gas near a feshbach resonance k. It is not possible to use traditional thermometers to measure temperature, nor attach leads on a sample in a currentvoltage set up to measure the superconducting gap. We employ ultracold atomic fermi gases to study quantum manybody physics. Eindhoven university of technology bachelor cumulant. Controlled fewbody interactions in ultracold bosonic mixtures dissertation zur erlangung des doktorgrades dr. Analysis of ultracold quantum gases exists in the domain of many body quantum theory and utilises the formalism of.
We observe a localized phase of ultracold bosonic quantum gases in a 3dimensional optical lattice induced by a small contribution of fermionic atoms acting as impurities in a fermi bose quantum gas mixture. Ultracold bosonic and fermionic quantum gases in optical lattices ulrich schneider, lucia hackermuller, sebastian will, thorsten best, simon braun, philipp ronzheimer, kc fong, tim rom stefan trotzky, yuao chen, jeff thompson, ute schnorrberger, simon folling, fabrice gerbier, artur widera stefan kuhr, jacob sherson, marc cheneau. Density correlations in ultracold atomic fermi gases. We have since been able to sympathetically cool the different species together in the same trap. Uitnodiging feshbach resonances in ultracold mixtures of the. Ultracold bosonic and fermionic gases, volume 5 1st edition. Ultracold bosefermi mixtures physikalisches institut. We combine 3d raman sideband cooling with highresolution optics to simultaneously cool and image individual atoms with singlelatticesite resolution at a detection fidelity above 95%. Itinerant ferromagnetism in a fermi gas of ultracold atoms. The general focus is on the behaviour of socalled quantum fluids, i. Ketterle department of physics, mitharvard center for ultracold atoms, and research laboratory of electronics, mit, cambridge, massachusetts 029.
Often, our work is motivated by unresolved problems from condensed matter physics, which we emulate with trapped atomic gases. Similar phenomena can now be observed in a dilute gas of atoms, five to six orders of magnitude less dense than the air surrounding us. Ultracold bosonic and fermionic gases issn book 5 kindle edition by levin, kathy, fetter, alexander, stamperkurn, dan. Our group explores the physics of fermi gases at ultracold temperatures and investigates the link between superconductivity and boseeinstein condensation bec. Within the second line of research, we aim at realizing exotic quantum manybody phases of fermionic and bosonic mixtures in lattice geometries with nontrivial band structures. Bcs theory predicts that superconductivity arises from pairing of particles with same masses and opposite spins. Decay of an ultracold fermionic lithium gas near a. Ultracold degenerate fermi gases physikalisches institut. Experimental methods of ultracold atomic physics university of. Ultracold bosonic and fermionic gases 1st edition isbn. These isotopes offer a wide tunability in their interaction. Pairing in ultracold gases the unprecedented control over the interactions and pairing of ultracold fermionic atoms provides insight into exotic strongly correlated phenomena and illuminates the physics of superfluidity in metals, nuclei, and neutron stars. Workshop on frontiers in ultracold fermi gases updated. Ultracold bose and fermi quantum gases are introduced at a lev.
Use bosonic species of the same element as a coolant mostly. The work presented in this thesis dealt with the construction of a new apparatus for the production and study of ultracold gases of fermionic lithium6 and bosonic caesium3. With increasing temperature the two branches gradually merge into a single quasiparticle structure with a quadratic dispersion above tc. Ultracold bosonic and fermionic gases kathryn levin. In the first part of the thesis, itinerant ferromagnetism was studied in a strongly interacting fermi gas of ultracold. Bosonic and fermionic transport phenomena of ultracold. Ultracold dipolar gas of fermionic na k molecules in their. First, atoms are usually trapped and precooled via laser cooling in a. Ultracold dipolar gas of fermionic superscript 23na. This has naturally been extended into the realm of ultracold gases where such nondemolition schemes have been applied to both fermionic 37, 38 and bosonic systems 39, 40.
With increasing temperature the two branches gradually merge into a single. Ultracold bosonic and fermionic gases kathryn levin, alexander l. Macroscopic quantum selftrapping of ultracold bosefermi. Mar 14, 2012 ultracold gases in optical lattices have become a versatile tool with which to simulate a wide range of condensedmatter phenomena 3,4. In this thesis, two sets of experimental studies in bosonic and fermionic gases are described. Density functional theory for stronglycorrelated bosonic and fermionic ultracold dipolar and ionic gases f. Local probing of interacting fermions in optical lattices. Since the realization of boseeinstein condensates bec in atomic gases an experimental challenge has been the production of molecular gases in the quantum. Buy ultracold bosonic and fermionic gases volume 5 contemporary concepts of condensed matter science volume 5 on free shipping on qualified orders.
Decay of an ultracold fermionic lithium gas near a feshbach. We combine the two light modes with a beam splitter with reflectivity r, and in order for all of the. Ultracold gases are a relatively young field in atomic and molecular physics. Density and stability in ultracold dilute bosonfermion. Bosonic and fermionic transport phenomena of ultracold atoms in onedimensional optical lattices public deposited. Densityfunctional theory for strongly correlated bosonic and fermionic ultracold dipolar and ionic gases f. Spinor dynamics in an antiferromagnetic spin1 thermal bose gas. The two fermionic atoms 6li and 40k are sympathetically cooled by the boson 41k in a magnetic trap, plugged in the center by a repulsive laser beam. The rapidly developing topic of ultracold atoms has many actual and potential applications for condensedmatter science, and the contributions to this book emphasize these connections. Ultracold quantum gases 462 rle progress report 152 figure 2 cooling of three different atomic species. Competition between weak quantum measurement and many.
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